Conversion disorder is specifically functional neurological
symptom disorder and hysterical neurosis. It is said that this disorder has
underlying issues of psychological problems but not depends on medical reasons.
It is one of the most interestingly neurological disorders affected mostly in
women than men. Historically, it is diagnosed in the world war. There were two disorders diagnose during war hysteria
and conversion disorder. Interestingly this disorder came in the category of
somatoform disorder. Prevelence rate is high in women due to the high risk of
stress related disorders and personality disorders. It has root from stressful,
tragically situation in which person have passed through.
Conversion disorder
begins with stress, psychological problem and more specifically
unconsciousness conflicts that lead to people lose their blindness, paralysis,
swallowing defects, inability to speak and walking. Reasons are not medically
tested doctors going through all neurological tests then find out functional
neurological disorders. Sometimes symptoms are overlap with other mental
disorders too. More specifically these problems came into observation due to
person’s walk away from their responsibilities, relationship problems related
issues.
Factors that cause conversion disorder are as follows:
SOCIAL FACTORS:
Social factors including your environment products in which
you have to deal with. Some people are more attention seeker and want to be
appreciated from other on each task f it won’t happen with them they do harmful
act to drag their attention and care. In society everybody occupied with lots
of responsibilities some are manageable and some are stressful but in this case
the person that feel burden in their responsibilities lead to show symptoms
like paralysis, fits, blindess and swallowing defects to run away with
sympathies. This is more interestingly studied in researches because are still
not diagnosed, different factors are included.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM:
Conversion disorder is not medically disorder bit it comes
in the functional neurological disorder category due to its symptoms related
from neurological domain. It happen with the person that has gone through
underlying unconscious conflicts exhibits the symptoms of conversions disorder.
Before diagnosis doctors asked from patient if he/she passed through any
tragicful event. If diagnosis is pointing toward the psychological stressor or
any stressful events then the person will be diagnosed as conversion disorder.
It is quite understandable thing that these symptoms are firstly considered in
medical checkup then go for psychological evaluation.
BIOLOGICAL FACTORS:
Neuropsychological test have been structured to diagnose the
conversion disorder. This disorder is self limiting as 90-100 percent of
symptoms are recovered in few months. It depends on the severity level of
disorder if he/she is going through stress then it is likely time taking process.
It occurs with comorbidity with psychiatric disorders, and the absence of
litigation proceeding related to illness. The longer conversion symptoms are
present then the worst the prognosis.
TREATMENTS OF CONVERSION DIORDER
Conversion disorder is basically functional neurological disorder
that occurs due to underline conflicts. It can be caused through social,
personal and biological factors comorbidity of other anxiety, dissociative and
personality disorders pretty much risk with theses disorders. Doctors undergoes
patient through episodes of medication to maintain the hormonal level normal as
well as normal activity too neurological deficits cause major functional problems
for this psychiatry help is much focused with other implementation of
therapies.
MEDICATIONS:
Treatment included first priority to medication because this
disorder is basically occur due to the imbalance secretion of neurotransmitter
(Serotonin) in the brain that affects the functional defects and lead the
person into paralysis, seizers and other malingering disorders. So to prevent
from these defects and issues we follow the medications that are pretty much
easier to reach on recovery process in few days the person can feel immediate
recovery with these medication although these medication have side effects tool
so it will be taken under the expert advice of psychiatrist. Medications that
are highly recommended with strong effects are as follows:
Although pharmacology treatment is not directly based on
conversion but it can prevent person suffering from co morbidity of other
disorders like Depression, Anxiety, and Personality disorder and alcohol dependence.
Care should be taken to avoid dependence-producing psychotropic gents.
Medication that is successful in treatment of tricycle Antidepressants,
Haloperidol and also treatment with Electroconvulsive therapy.
Psychotherapies
As I mentioned above that this disorder need critical
evaluation and attention for come in treatment process because it is purely
cause due to psychological stress and trauma so it will be better treated with
the help of psychotherapies and other behavioral techniques that help the
patients feel confidence , self esteem , defensive strategies and many other
coping skills. So we start from the cognitive behavioral therapies.
COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY
Cognitive behavior therapy is one of the most effective therapies
in conversion disorder. It is done with expert therapist is well structure
and goal oriented technique in which a patient are set in sessions to talk
their inner conflicts and discuss on their personal issues. Reconstruct of thought.
It works on belief. Those belief that cut the person from normal life will be
revive and person face to reality focused talking in which enables to think
positive and self evaluation based procedures. That helps the person to cope
their fears and implement defensive strategies that have learned by therapist.
Cognitive behavior can take up to 14 sessions in which a person has freedom to
talk on each problem. This is systematically procedure 1 by 1 sequence wise
reconstruction of ideas and thinkings.if anyone have fear to be beaten by
others ,therapist helps the person develop in life threatening situation
dealing with more positive and defensive techniques.
PHYSICAL THERAPY/OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
It helps in built up confidence and prevents the sensory and
motors defective complications. Included regular arm and leg exercise that may
help in strong and tightness in weak muscle in case of paralysis and mobility.
Daily exercises may help the person to recover fast and prevent from inability
of daily functioning.
SPEECH THERAPY
If someone is facing the problem in speech or swallowing
then speech therapist would be great in recovery of linguistic defects.
DISTRACTION THERAPY
This disorder is mainly due to stress for reducing stress in
daily functions we prefer distraction therapy in which music, dancing, group
meetings, exercises, relaxation, mindfulness physical activity are recommended.
HYPNOSIS
Hypnosis is done to drag out person from unconscious conflicts.
It is effective therapy with the symptoms of functional neurological disorder,
loss of sensation and speech problem are in queue.
Here I have described conversion disorder with its treatment.
its causes are still being studied but it is preventable with highly organized
therapies.
